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October 2006 Feature Article: "How Do We Eliminate Ion Losses at AP"Excerpt: Did you know that typical atmospheric pressure (AP) ionization sources detect only about one-in-ten thousand ions generated at atmospheric pressure? In addition, most of the ions are deposited on the walls of the source and along the conductance pathway before getting into vacuum? Sources generate currents from 100s of nAmps with electrospray to 10s of uAmps with APCI, but the best sources conduct only a few nAmps into vacuum. Ion guides (1) and funnels (2) have been developed to efficiently transmit ions through successive vacuum stages for analysis and detection, but are ineffective at transmitting ions that are lost at AP. This article details loss mechanisms and alternatives for enhancement of ion transmission and sensitivity.
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